Hyvä Checkout vs PWA Studio Checkout — different ceilings?
Hyvä Checkout is a separate paid module — Magewire-driven (server-rendered state), one-page, fully customizable in Tailwind, Lighthouse 95+. Most Hyvä stores adopt it once they see the LCP delta vs default Magento checkout. Add-on cost ~$1k.
PWA Studio Checkout is fully client-side React, talks to Magento via GraphQL mutations, supports advanced UX (multi-step animations, instant validation, payment-method UX patterns SPAs do well). The ceiling is higher for very-custom UX, but you pay for that ceiling with build complexity and ongoing maintenance.
For most stores the Hyvä Checkout ceiling is more than enough — sub-1s LCP, full control over fields, support for every Adobe-Marketplace payment method. The PWA Studio Checkout ceiling only matters if you have specific UX requirements that need an SPA (Apple-Pay-style sheet animations, real-time multi-currency conversion in the cart). If you don’t, the simpler ceiling wins.